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Reading list, cases & tools

The shelf behind the course.

Everything the eight modules draw on — the scholarship, the cautionary cases, the governing instruments, and the AI tools you will actually touch. Gold marks the human and scholarly side; indigo marks the machine. Nothing here is cited in class until it is verified to source.

The scholarship

Core books

The thinking the course is built on — bias, statistics, verification, and computational thinking — each mapped to the modules it feeds.

  • May Contain Lies

    2024

    Alex Edmans

    Source of the Ladder of Misinference (statement to fact to data to evidence to proof) and the line that smart people are better at biased search; the course-wide answer-decoder. A hallucinated citation is a statement costumed as binding proof.

  • Thinking, Fast and Slow

    2011

    Daniel Kahneman

    Source for cognitive bias material (anchoring, confirmation bias) mapped onto both legal judgment and LLM failure modes. Module 3.

  • Noise

    2021

    Kahneman, Sibony & Sunstein

    On noise in judgment (identical cases, different sentences) applied to judges; Module 3.

  • Weapons of Math Destruction

    2016

    Cathy O'Neil

    Key source for Module 7 (law of AI): algorithmic bias and due process.

  • Hello World

    2018

    Hannah Fry

    Demystifies algorithms; used in Module 2 and Module 7; source of the centaur-chess idea referenced in Module 8.

  • You Look Like a Thing and I Love You

    2019

    Janelle Shane

    Accessible, funny on-ramp to how AI fails (giraffing; recipes calling for broken glass; the tank/sunny-day shortcut). Module 2.

  • The Art of Statistics

    2019

    David Spiegelhalter

    Base rates and the Harold Shipman detection; Module 3 statistics-in-evidence material.

  • How to Lie with Statistics

    1954

    Darrell Huff

    Statistical-misuse source; teach the credibility irony (Huff's tobacco work).

  • Calling Bullshit

    2020

    Bergstrom & West

    Verification heuristics: who's telling me this, how do they know, what are they selling. Module 4.

  • Science Fictions

    2020

    Stuart Ritchie

    On research-integrity failures; supports the credibility-irony teaching (e.g. the Ariely fabrication scandal).

  • Computational Thinking, CACM 49(3)

    2006

    Jeannette Wing

    Foundational CT source; quote (under 15 words): computational thinking is a fundamental skill for everyone. Module 5.

  • Mindstorms

    1980

    Seymour Papert

    Computational-thinking foundations; Module 5.

  • Algorithms to Live By

    2016

    Christian & Griffiths

    Source of the 37% / explore-exploit idea for prompt iteration discipline. Module 5.

Law meets the machine

Law & technology readings

Where legal scholarship reckons with algorithmic systems — opacity, regulation, and whether law itself is computable.

  • Tomorrow's Lawyers

    Richard Susskind

    The changing legal job and professional identity; used in the Module 8 capstone/future-of-the-profession content.

  • Online Courts and the Future of Justice

    Richard Susskind

    Future of justice and legal work; Module 8.

  • The Black Box Society (2015)

    Frank Pasquale

    Opacity of algorithmic systems; Module 7 law-of-AI literacy.

  • New Laws of Robotics (2020)

    Frank Pasquale

    Regulating AI; Module 7.

  • Artificial Intelligence and Legal Analytics (2017)

    Kevin D. Ashley

    AI and legal reasoning/analytics; law-and-technology reading.

  • Is Law Computable? (2020)

    Deakin & Markou (eds.)

    On the computability of law; law-and-technology reading.

The cautionary-case spine

Primary cases & instruments

The cases run through the whole course like a warning thread — what happens when fabricated citations and unverified algorithms reach the bench. The instruments are the frame that now governs them.

Primary cases

  1. 01
    Mata v. Avianca, Inc.678 F. Supp. 3d 443 (S.D.N.Y. 2023)

    Judge Castel; $5,000 sanction; six fabricated cases (Varghese, Martinez, Shaboon, Petersen, Miller, Estate of Durden); the lawyer's fatal assumption that ChatGPT could not possibly be fabricating cases. The course's flagship cautionary case (Module 1).

  2. 02
    Gummadi Usha Rani v. Sure Mallikarjuna RaoSLP (C) No. 7575 of 2026 (SC of India, Narasimha & Aradhe JJ.)

    A pending Special Leave Petition in which the Supreme Court of India, taking note of a trial court order built on fake AI-generated judgments, observed that such a decision “would be a misconduct and legal consequence shall follow” and issued notice (amicus appointed). Not a final holding; the India-first anchor for the duty to verify.

  3. 03
    Deepak v. Heart & Soul Entertainment Ltd.Bombay HC, 7 Jan 2026 (Sathaye J.)

    Rs 50,000 cost imposed for “dumping” unverified AI-generated written submissions citing a non-existent judgment; a concrete Indian consequence for unverified AI citations. Module 1/4 cautionary case.

  4. 04
    Buckeye Trust v. PCITITA No. 1051/Bang/2024 (ITAT Bengaluru, 2024–25)

    Bengaluru ITAT order recalled under s.254(2) after it relied on ChatGPT-fabricated, non-existent case citations; the verification failure made concrete in an Indian tribunal. Module 4.

  5. 05
    State v. Loomis881 N.W.2d 749 (Wis. 2016)

    Risk-assessment (COMPAS) and due process; the Wisconsin Supreme Court upheld use of a proprietary risk score in sentencing, with limits. Module 7 algorithmic bias and due process. Comparative (US).

  6. 06
    Da Silva Moore v. Publicis Groupe287 F.R.D. 182 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) (Peck M.J.)

    First judicial approval of predictive coding / Technology-Assisted Review in e-discovery. Module 6. Comparative (US).

  7. 07
    R v Sally ClarkUK, conviction quashed 2003

    Wrongful conviction driven by a statistical fallacy in expert evidence (the 1 in 73 million error); the definitive law-meets-statistics cautionary tale and the prosecutor's fallacy. Module 3.

  8. 08
    NYT v. OpenAI / MicrosoftS.D.N.Y., No. 1:23-cv-11195 (pending)

    IP/copyright in training data and AI output; key claims survived a motion to dismiss. Module 7. Comparative (US); status may have moved.

  9. 09
    ANI Media v. OpenAIDelhi HC, CS(COMM) 1028/2024 (Bansal J.; order reserved)

    India's first generative-AI copyright suit over training data; interim order reserved after ~32 hearings. Module 7. Status may have moved.

  10. 10

    Angwin et al.'s investigation finding racial disparities in the COMPAS recidivism risk tool; the empirical backbone of the bias-and-due-process discussion (an investigative report, not a case). Module 7. Comparative (US).

  11. 11

    Delhi HC rejection of AI-fabricated pleadings

    Delhi HC — specific matter not yet sourced

    Listed in the India cautionary-case spine. The master brief gives no neutral citation and we have not yet sourced a specific Delhi HC matter — obtain and confirm the order before any classroom or filing use (or rely on the verified Bombay HC / ITAT / SC matters instead).

  12. 12
    Jaswinder Singh v. State of PunjabP&H HC, 2023 (Chitkara J.)

    Punjab & Haryana High Court consulted ChatGPT for a “broader picture” of bail jurisprudence (it did not decide the bail on the AI output); listed in the India-specific cautionary-case spine.

Governing instruments

  • DPDP Act 2023

    India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 (enacted 11 Aug 2023); the DPDP Rules 2025 were notified Nov 2025 and are phasing in to 2027. Data protection, automated decision-making, and the contested right to explanation. Module 7; central to confidentiality discipline (no PII in public LLMs).

  • EU AI Act

    Regulation (EU) 2024/1689; entered into force Aug 2024 and phasing in to 2027. Comparative regulatory-landscape material. Module 7.

  • Supreme Court of India White Paper on AI and the Judiciary

    Centre for Research and Planning, Supreme Court of India, Nov 2025. Warns of hallucinations, bias, and confidentiality; stresses mandatory human verification and the judge as ultimate decision-maker; restricts cloud GenAI for case data. The India-first regulatory frame.

The machine side

Tools you'll meet

From the generalist chatbots you already know to the judiciary's own approved systems — surveyed so you can judge fit, not endorse a vendor.

Generalist

ChatGPTClaudeGeminiPerplexity

Legal specialist

HarveyThomson Reuters CoCounselLexis+ with ProtegevLex VincentSpellbookLuminanceKira

Indian

Manupatra AISCC Online AICaseMine/AMICUSLegitQuestIndian KanoonVIDUR AIBharatLaw.AI

Judiciary

SUPACESUVASTERESLegRAA

On verification & misattributions

Every case and every quote on this page must be verified to its primary source before it is used in pleading, classroom, or print. A confident citation is only a statement until you have read the original — the Ladder of Misinference cuts both ways.

These attributions are flagged for checking before you repeat them:

  • Taleb / Sagan: a line widely attributed to Nassim Taleb (and elsewhere to Carl Sagan) circulates without a verifiable primary source — confirm the original before citing.
  • Goldacre: a catchphrase often pinned to Ben Goldacre is commonly misattributed — verify the source before quoting.
  • Brandolini / Dunkels: such lines (e.g. the bullshit-asymmetry idea) are usually quoted BY the authors above, not originated by them; attribute with care.
  • Tolstoy in Edmans: a Tolstoy quotation that appears in Edmans's May Contain Lies is itself contested — check it against the original before citing.

Where it all comes together

See how these sources play out across the eight modules.

Explore the modules